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1211
ANALYSIS OF THE POTENTIAL OF WIND ENERGY IN THE PUGER
COAST OF THE THREE BLADES DARRIEUS WIND TURBINE
PERFORMANCE
Yushardi
1
, Sudarti
2
dan Melisa Putri Febriyanti
3
Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Jember,
Jember, Indonesia
1, 2, 3
Email: yus_agk.fkip@unej.ac.id, sudarti.fkip@unej.ac.id, melisaputri2202@gmail.
com
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Date received : 3 July 2022
Revision date : 11 July 2022
Date Approved: 21 July 2022
Wind energy is one of the renewable energy sources that
can still be explored today. The advantage obtained by
utilizing wind energy is that the energy source is easy to
obtain because it comes from nature. The form of
utilization of wind energy in the form of wind power plants
is one of the alternative technologies as an effort to meet
the increasing electricity needs of the community,
especially in coastal areas. Therefore, to advance this
abilityl, A tool that transforms wind energy into electrical
energy, such as a wind turbine, is requsite. This analysis
aims to survey and assess the wind energy potential of the
three blade wind turbine off the coast of Puger. The
research uses research methods Research and Information
Collection method and data collection techniques with
needs analysis and Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by
utilizing relevant and valid library sources. In the results of
the study, the vertical axis wind turbine with 3 blades
produces the highest rotor rotation of 224.65 rpm at a
speed of wind of 4,2 m/s, as well as a maximum wind
power of 3.50 watts as well as a maximum generator
power of 2.28 watts at a maximum speed of 2.28 watts.
maximum wind 6 m/s. Therefore, this 3-blade Darrieus
wind turbine is in accordance with the wind potential that
exists on the Puger coast.
Keywords: Wind Energy;
Puger Coast; Wind Turbine;
Darrieus Wind Turbine; 3-
blade.
This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0
Analysis of The Potential of Wind Energy In The Puger Coast of The Three Blades Darrieus
Wind Turbine Performance
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, Vol 1 (10), July 2022
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INTRODUCTION
Indonesia is known as a country with abundant natural resources, energy
sources are one of them. Energy itself is divided into 2, namely renewable energy and
non-renewable energy. Examples of renewable energy sources include wind, solar,
biogas, and so on. Meanwhile, examples of non-renewable energy are oil, gas, and
coal, and others like that (Sahid, Totok, Baktiyar, & Anis, 2021).
The development and improvement of potential energy diversity is one of the
government's current and future efforts. This shows that developments in the field of
renewable energy are important things to improve. Renewable energy, such as wind,
water, and the sun, can be utilized to save fossil energy, which is increasingly limited in
number. (Sulistyono, Faizal, & Salim, 2020).
In Indonesia, the wind is a renewable energy source that allows it to be applied
through technology. This is because the wind is easily found in every corner of the
earth produced by moving air. However, in its application, the existing wind energy
cannot be fully utilized, because the wind speed in each region is different
(Andiyantama, Zahira, & Irawan, 2021). Therefore, in applying technology such as wind
turbines as wind power plants, the first thing that is important to do is to determine the
right area for wind turbine placement.
Indonesia has wind resource potential which is estimated to reach up to 60 GW,
but only 3.1 MW is installed or applied. This situation shows that there is great potential
for wind resources that can be developed. The wind potential will then be transformed
into new energy using wind turbine technology, the most common of which is electrical
energy. Therefore, currently, a lot of research on turbine design is being carried out to
extract energy optimally from (Rijano & Muzaki, 2018).
Electrical energy is the most important component that has become a human
need in the development of each region. The development of the times is always
accompanied by increasingly rapid technological advances, so that this situation also
encourages the consumption of electrical energy to increase. Therefore, the use of
renewable energy sources is used as an alternative in fulfilling the improvement of
people's living standards (Ar, Jumarang, & Apriansyah, 2018).
Fulfillment of electricity needs, usually mostly in coastal areas, because the wind
is blowing relatively strong, such as on the coast of Puger. Puger Beach is a coastal
area located in Puger District, Jember Regency. The area is included in the area that
experiences a shortage of electricity sources, due to the distance from the city center
which is quite far, which is about ± 40 km. Based on this, the Puger coastal area is an
area at risk of lack of street lighting. Therefore, for the solution from the case study, we
want to research the potential of wind energy on the Puger beach to determine the
Analysis of The Potential of Wind Energy In The Puger Coast of The Three Blades Darrieus
Wind Turbine Performance
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, Vol 1 (10), July 2022
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performance of the wind turbine in accordance with the conditions in the area. (Affandi,
F., N. A. M. Mufarida, 2019).
Wind turbines are wind energy-based technologies designed to generate
electrical power. One of them is the Darrieus wind turbine. In this study, a performance
analysis was carried out on a wind turbine similar to a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
(VAWT) (Taufiqurrahman, 2016). In general, this uses a Darrieus type of wind turbine
with 3 blades, the efficiency of which is more optimal than 4 blades. The more the
blades, the smaller the torque that produces the value, so the power coefficient is also
less than the maximum.
METHOD
The research conducted in the analysis of the potential of wind energy on the
coast of Puger on the performance of this three-blade Darrieus windmill using the
method
Research and Information Collection
(Arsyad, Imansyah, Marpaung, & Ratiandi,
2021). The research technique and data collection carried out were needs analysis and
data collection
Systematic Literature Review
(SLR) regarding the research object being
appointed (Adistia, Nurdiansyah, Fariko, Vincent, & Simatupang, 2020). The literature
study carried out by the author is by collecting relevant and valid journals or articles in
the 2017 to 2022 publication years. After all the articles have been obtained, the
researchers then filter and examine the results of journals or articles so that the data
obtained is more accurate and in accordance with the research conducted. conducted.
Because this research is sourced from literature studies, the data obtained from
subordinate journals or previous articles that have been obtained as well as information
on data from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources institutions. Researchers
reviewed the information by re-paraphrasing based on the facts of the existing data,
then analyzed it thoroughly. This research was carried out in stages, the following is the
research review period which will be shown in Table 1.
Analysis of The Potential of Wind Energy In The Puger Coast of The Three Blades Darrieus
Wind Turbine Performance
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, Vol 1 (10), July 2022
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Table 1. Research Study Period
No
Time
Chapter Study
1
April 4,
2022
Objectives and
problem
formulation
2
9 April
2022
Introduction
3
22 April
2022
Research Methods
4
24 April
2022
Results and
Discussion
5
24 April
2022
Conclusion
6
25 April
2022
Abstract and
references
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
In PP No. 79 of 2014 concerning National Energy Policy, it is stated that the
target for New and Renewable Energy (EBT) in 2025 is only around 23% and in 2050 it
Analysis of The Potential of Wind Energy In The Puger Coast of The Three Blades Darrieus
Wind Turbine Performance
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, Vol 1 (10), July 2022
1215
is estimated that it will reach 31%. Based on the report from the Ministry of Energy and
Mineral Resources on the results of mapping the distribution of wind speed in Indonesia
in 2020, it shows that the maximum wind speed that occurs in onshore areas, one of
which is the coast of Java Island, reaches 6-8 m/s. (Nasional, 2021).
Analysis of Wind Energy Potential on the Puger Coast of Jember
According to the Weibull analysis that has been carried out to measure the
potential of wind energy on the Puger coast, the data obtained in Table 2 below,
namely:
Table 2. Wind Energy Potential at Puger Beach Jember According to Weibull Analysis
Altitude (m)
Wind Speed (m/s)
Probability Density (%)
7.3
2.5
0.25
20.6
5.5
0.25
43.2
6.5
0.18
Figure 1. Data from the comparison of altitude to wind speed and probability
percentage
Table 2 and Figure 1 above are the results according to Weibull's analysis of the
distribution of wind energy potential on the coast of Puger Jember. The results obtained
are reviewed from three different heights in order to obtain varying wind speed results.
In the results of the Weibull data analysis, it was found that the frequency of wind
energy speed that always occurs is at an altitude of 7.3 m with the resulting wind speed
Analysis of The Potential of Wind Energy In The Puger Coast of The Three Blades Darrieus
Wind Turbine Performance
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, Vol 1 (10), July 2022
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reaching 2.5 m/s and the probability density value of 0.25. Then, when it reaches a
height of 20.6 m, the wind energy produces a speed of 5.5 m/s with a value of 0.25 to
reach a probability density. Meanwhile, when it reaches a height of 43.2 m, this energy
velocity produces 6.5 m/s with a probability density of 0.18. When it reaches a height of
43.2 m, it is the maximum height that can produce the greatest wind energy potential
because it has an energy level of 46.66 Joules.
Performance Analysis of Darrieus Wind Turbine Three Blade Vertical Axis
Wind
Power Plant (PLTB) which is designed with a vertical axis is called Darrieus wind
turbine with three blade axis. The purpose of the design is that the axis and rotor are
always perpendicular to the wind direction, so that they no longer need to be pointed
towards the wind because the rotor will rotate automatically following all wind
directions. The following is a design of a vertical axis Daerrieus wind turbine with 3
blades (Kristanto, Mufarida, & Shofiyah, 2021).
Figure 2. 3-blade variation design
(Source: Kristanto et al, 2021).
The vertical axis wind turbine is considered more optimal than the horizontal
axis, because it does not require a tower structure (Affandi, F., N. A. M. Mufarida,
2019). Likewise, a 3 blade wind turbine is considered to have a more effective wind
capture capability compared to other blade variations, such as 1 blade, 2 blades, and 4
blades (Priyoatmojo, 2019). The advantages of a vertical axis wind turbine with a
variation of 3 blades: (1) The initial wind speed is lower, (2) There is no need to change
position when the wind direction changes, (3) It has tip speed ratio a lower4) Has a
airfoil , thus providing higher aerodynamics (5) It can be placed closer to the ground,
and (6) Easier to balance and able to catch wind effectively.
The Darrieus wind turbine with a variation of 3 blades has 3 forces acting on the
blades, namely axial force (the direction is always the same with the direction of the
wind), centrifugal force (increases the center support), tangential force (generated
Analysis of The Potential of Wind Energy In The Puger Coast of The Three Blades Darrieus
Wind Turbine Performance
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, Vol 1 (10), July 2022
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moment of force) (Mahyuddin & Usman, 2019). Therefore, wind turbines of this type
are more widely used to generate electricity at low torques. Then, the experimental
results of a 3-blade Darrieus wind turbine are shown as follows:
Table 3. Experimental Results of Darrieus Wind Turbine Three Blades
Wind
Speed
(m/s)
Shaft
Rotation
(rpm)
Wind
Power
(watts)
Generator
Power
(watts)
1.6
44.40
0.17
0.02
2.2
95.75
0.43
0.14
4.2
224.65
2.99
0.77
6
120
3.50
2.28
After taking the data as shown in Table 3, it will be seen the level of
performance of the three-blade wind turbine. Next, we will analyze the relationship
between wind speed and shaft rotation, with wind power, and with the generator power
generated by (Pitriadi, Bachmid, & Susanto, 2018).
Effect of wind speed (m/s) on rotor rotation (rpm)
Figure 3. The effect of wind speed (m/s) on the rotation of the rotor (rpm).
Analysis of The Potential of Wind Energy In The Puger Coast of The Three Blades Darrieus
Wind Turbine Performance
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, Vol 1 (10), July 2022
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The comparison of the speed or speed of the wind with the rotation of the wind
turbine shaft tends to be directly proportional. That is, the rotation of the turbine rotor
affects the wind speed. The higher the wind speed, the faster the rotor rotates. In the
comparison chart above, it can be seen that the wind speed is 4.2 m/s, the largest
rotation of the rotor is 224.65 rpm. When the wind speed is 1.6 m/s the rotation of the
rotor will be 44.40 rpm. Then, when the wind speed is 2.2 m/s, it produces a rotor
rotation of 95.75 rpm. However, when the wind can reach 6 m/s, the rotor rotation
decreases to 120 rpm
Effect of wind speed (m/s) on wind power (watts)
Figure 4. Effect of wind speed (m/s) with wind power (watts)
The ratio of wind speed to wind power is directly proportional. That is, the wind
speed affects the wind power obtained, the higher the wind speed, the higher the wind
power gain. In the comparison chart above, it can be seen that the obtained wind
speed of 6 m/s also produces the highest wind power of 3.50 watts. When the wind
speed is 1.6 m/s, the wind power is 0.17 watts. Then, when the wind speed is 2.2 m/s,
the wind power is 0.43 watts. Furthermore, if the wind speed reaches 4.2 m/s, it will
get a wind power of 2.99 watts.
Analysis of The Potential of Wind Energy In The Puger Coast of The Three Blades Darrieus
Wind Turbine Performance
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, Vol 1 (10), July 2022
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Effect of wind speed (m/s) on generator power (watts)
Figure 5. Effect of wind speed (m/s) on generator power (watts)
The comparison of wind speed with generator power is directly proportional.
That is, the results that affect the generator speed obtained, the higher the line the
generator power is obtained, the higher the wind turbine from the vertical axis of the
three blades is one. In the comparison chart above, it can be seen that the highest
wind speed of 6 m/s also produces the highest generator power of 2.28 watts. When
the wind speed is 1.6 m/s, the wind power is 0.02 watts. Then, when the wind speed is
2.2 m/s, the wind power is 0.14 watts. Furthermore, when the wind speed reaches 4.2
m/s, the wind power is 0.77 watts.
CONCLUSION
Based on the analysis of the potential for wind energy on the coast of Puger
Jember Beach with a wind turbine performance of 3 blades, it can be concluded that
this type of wind turbine is suitable to be applied in the coastal area of Puger Beach,
because it is able to operate at a minimum wind speed of 1.6 m/s and a maximum wind
speed of 6 m/s. Meanwhile, the location of Puger Jember Beach has wind speeds of 2.5
– 6.5 m/s. In addition, by utilizing a 3-blade vertical axis wind turbine, the power
obtained is more optimal because it does not require wind turbine direction control..
Analysis of The Potential of Wind Energy In The Puger Coast of The Three Blades Darrieus
Wind Turbine Performance
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, Vol 1 (10), July 2022
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