Legal gap in legal protection for aggrieved parties at the precontractual stage
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55324/ijoms.v4i2.1028Keywords:
legal gap, legal protection, pre-contractual, good faith, KUHPerdataAbstract
This research explores the legal gaps and ambiguities surrounding the principle of good faith in pre-contractual stages, as outlined in Article 1338 paragraph (3) of the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata). While the principle of good faith is foundational in contract law, its unclear application during negotiations has led to legal uncertainty, potentially disadvantaging parties acting honestly and transparently. The study highlights the need for robust legal frameworks to protect parties from unfair practices and fraudulent actions during the negotiation process. Employing a normative legal research method, the analysis identifies inadequacies in existing regulations and proposes practical reforms, including clearer legal doctrines and amendments to the Civil Code. The findings underscore the importance of good faith at all stages of contractual agreements to foster transparency, fairness, and trust in business relationships, while minimizing disputes and enhancing market integrity. Recommendations for future research include comparative studies on international good faith practices, sector-specific applications, and the integration of technological tools to enforce accountability in pre-contractual negotiations. This work contributes to the development of sustainable and equitable business practices within Indonesian law.
References
Amayreh, O. I. M., Zakri, I. M. M., Tehrani, P. M., & Shandi, Y. M. (2021). THE PRE-CONTRACTUAL DUTY OF DISCLOSURE IN THE PALESTINIAN CIVIL CODE DRAFT AND ITS ROLE IN MAINTAINING ECONOMIC CONTRACTUAL EQUILIBRIUM. UUM Journal of Legal Studies, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.32890/uumjls2021.12.1.6
Barnett, R. E., & Oman, N. B. (2021). Contracts: Cases and Doctrine. Aspen Publishing. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=6NoXEAAAQBAJ
Bellamy, R., & Hollis, M. (1998). Consensus, neutrality and compromise. Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.1080/13698239808403248
Dixit, A., Deval, V., Dwivedi, V., Norta, A., & Draheim, D. (2022). Towards user-centered and legally relevant smart-contract development: A systematic literature review. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2021.100314
Filip, F. G. (2022). Collaborative Decision-Making: Concepts and Supporting Information and Communication Technology Tools and Systems. International Journal of Computers, Communications and Control, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2022.2.4732
Hoffman, D. A., & Hwang, C. (2021). The social cost of contract. Columbia Law Review, 121(3). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3635128
Hume, D. (2020). Of the Original Contract. Library of Alexandria. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=zDs5CQAAQBAJ
Khalef, R., El-adaway, I. H., Assaad, R., & Kieta, N. (2021). Contract Risk Management: A Comparative Study of Risk Allocation in Exculpatory Clauses and Their Legal Treatment. Journal of Legal Affairs and Dispute Resolution in Engineering and Construction, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)la.1943-4170.0000430
Kleinhans, B. L. E. (2020). Pre-contractual agreements [Doctoral Dissertation]. Stellenbosch University.
Koebele, E. A., & Crow, D. A. (2023). Mitigating conflict with collaboration: Reaching negotiated agreement amidst belief divergence in environmental governance. Policy Studies Journal, 51(2). https://doi.org/10.1111/psj.12496
Loewe, M., El-Haddad, A., Furness, M., Houdret, A., & Zintl, T. (2024). Drivers of change in social contracts: Building a conceptual framework. Mediterranean Politics, 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2024.2379733
Marpi, Y., Erlangga, Endaryono, B. T., & Noviani, K. (2021). Legal effective of putting “Business as Usual” clause in agreements. International Journal of Criminology and Sociology, 10. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.09
Masaud, T. M., Warner, J., & El-Saadany, E. F. (2020). A Blockchain-Enabled Decentralized Energy Trading Mechanism for Islanded Networked Microgrids. IEEE Access, 8. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3038824
Murphy, G. (2023). Interest groups and the policy-making process. In Politics in the Republic of Ireland. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003328476-14
Szoke-Burke, S., & Cordes, K. Y. (2021). Mechanisms for consultation and free, prior and informed consent in the negotiation of investment contracts. Northwestern Journal of International Law and Business, 41(1). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3630615
Tran, T. N. T., Felfernig, A., & Le, V. M. (2024). An overview of consensus models for group decision-making and group recommender systems. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, 34(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11257-023-09380-z
Zhang, J. (2023). Legal Regulation at Pre-contractual Stage. In Modes of Regulation in the Intermediate Field Between Contract Law and Tort Law (pp. 93–192). Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9107-3_3
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Hendra Banaba, Tri Susilowati, Hono Sejati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC-BY-SA). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
