The Role of Job Satisfaction in Mediating the Effects of Self-Efficacy and Perceived Organizational Support on Work Engagement at the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55324/ijoms.v5i10.1315Keywords:
self-efficacy, perceived organizational support, job satisfaction, work engagement, public sector employeesAbstract
Employee work engagement has become a crucial factor in improving organizational effectiveness, particularly in public sector institutions facing increasing demands for accountability, service quality, and bureaucratic transformation. Variations in individual performance consistency and employee competency levels indicate the need to understand the psychological and organizational factors influencing employee engagement. This study aims to examine the effects of self-efficacy and perceived organizational support on work engagement, with job satisfaction as a mediating variable among employees of the Directorate General of Islamic Education, Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. This research employed a quantitative approach using an explanatory research design. Data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire distributed to civil servants, involving 234 respondents selected from a population of 574 employees using a stratified random sampling technique. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4. The results indicate that self-efficacy and perceived organizational support have positive and significant effects on job satisfaction and work engagement. Furthermore, job satisfaction significantly influences work engagement and mediates the relationships between self-efficacy, perceived organizational support, and work engagement through complementary partial mediation. These findings highlight that strengthening employees’ confidence, organizational support systems, and job satisfaction mechanisms are essential strategies for enhancing work engagement in public sector organizations. This study contributes to the human resource management literature by providing empirical evidence from the context of the Indonesian government bureaucracy.
References
Afisa, S., & Zaenuri, M. (2023). Merit system innovation through the SIPINTER application (Information System for Self-Assessment of Merit System Implementation) in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, 22(2), 40–56. https://doi.org/10.14710/jis.22.2.2023.40-56
Berenschot, W. (2018). Incumbent bureaucrats: Why elections undermine civil service reform in Indonesia. Public Administration and Development, 38(4), 135–143. https://doi.org/10.1002/pad.1838
Cahyono, C., et al. (2024). Pesantren education as Indonesia’s indigenous heritage: Nurturing moral education in the digital era. At-Ta'dib, 19(1), 176–193.
De Vos, A., & Cambré, B. (2017). Career management in high-performing organizations: A set-theoretic approach. Human Resource Management, 56(3), 501–518.
Galeh, R. J., Mohsenipouya, H., Hosseinnataj, A., Al-Mamun, F., & Mamun, M. A. (2024). Job satisfaction and the role of self-esteem and self-efficacy: A cross-sectional study among Iranian nurses. Nursing Open, 11(6), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.2215
Gano, A. A., Abdullahi, N., Adam, Z. L., & Setyawan, C. E. (2024). Integrating Islamic principles into human resource management: Advancing organizational success through Islamic education and ethical practices. Tadibia Islamika, 4(2), 62–74.
Hamid, H., & Ashoer, M. (2021). Determinant and consequence of civil servant engagement: A mediated-moderated study. Jurnal Manajemen, 25(1), 20–38. https://doi.org/10.24912/jm.v25i1.701
Khusanova, R., Kang, S.-W., & Choi, S. B. (2021). Work engagement among public employees: Antecedents and consequences. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 684495. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.684495
Lu, D., & Chen, C. H. (2022). The impact of public service motivation on job satisfaction in public sector employees: The mediating roles of work engagement and organizational commitment. Mobile Information Systems, 2022, Article 7919963. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7919963
Meybodi, M. Z. (2015). Consistency of strategic and tactical benchmarking performance measures: A perspective on managerial positions and organizational size. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 22(6), 1019–1032.
Neo, S. (2023). Core values for ideal civil servants: Service-oriented, responsive and dedicated. Public Administration Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13583
Rahmi, E., Patoni, A., & Sulistyorini, S. (2020). The management of human resources development in increasing the quality of Islamic education institutions. Al-Ta'lim Journal, 27(2), 166–178.
Ritonga, J. S. (2025). Human resource management strategy to strengthen the quality of Islamic boarding school education. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 13(3), 1445–1454.
Sudnickas, T. (2016). Different levels of performance evaluation: Individual versus organizational. Public Policy and Administration, 15(2), 195–205.
Umami, I. O. N., & Yasin, M. (2024). Integrating Islamic ethical values into human resource development: Enhancing educational quality in Indonesian Islamic schools. Dirosatuna: Journal of Islamic Studies, 7(2), 99–110.
van Gestel, N., & Grotenbreg, S. (2021). Collaborative governance and innovation in public services settings. Policy & Politics, 49(2), 249–265. https://doi.org/10.1332/030557321X16123785900606
Wach, D., Stephan, U., & Gorgievski, M. J. (2016). More than money: Developing an integrative multi-factorial measure of entrepreneurial success. International Small Business Journal, 34(8), 1098–1121.
Zahari, N., & Kaliannan, M. (2023). Antecedents of work engagement in the public sector: A systematic literature review. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 43(4), 682–710. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X221106792
Zakariya, Y. F., & Wardat, Y. (2023). Job satisfaction of mathematics teachers: An empirical investigation to quantify the contributions of teacher self-efficacy and teacher motivation to teach. Mathematics.
Zia ud Din, M., Yuan Yuan, X., Ullah Khan, N., & Estay, C. (2024). The impact of public leadership on collaborative administration and public health delivery. BMC Health Services Research, 24(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10537-0
Zia ud Din, M., Yuan Yuan, X., Ullah Khan, N., & Han, H. (2023). Linking local collaborative governance and public service delivery: Mediating role of institutional capacity building. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 906. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02421-3
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Adri Dinizulfa, Corry Yohana, Christian Wiradendi Wolor
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC-BY-SA). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
