Risk Analysis of Optimization of FDI in Indonesia Evidence of Cointegration Modeling and ECM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55324/ijoms.v2i3.350Keywords:
economic growth, investment, FDI, error correction model, risk managementAbstract
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is one of the superior strategies commonly used by governments from developing countries to obtain funding for development. Because of the research that concentrates on risk management, the authors tried to use six free variables derived from the economic framework. The goal is to be able to find out how the selected free variables affect long - term and short - term FDI optimization. Then from the six variables, the author identified unexpected incident which can cause the risk of FDI optimization in Indonesia. Error correction model is the method used by the author to process the data. The results showed similar results for both the long and short term. Exports and foreign debt are variables that do not significantly affect the presence of FDI in Indonesia. Meanwhile, interest rates and exchange rates are free variables that have a positive and significant effect, while labor and GDP have a negative and significant effect.
References
Cook, P. (2011). Infrastructure, rural electrification and development. Energy for Sustainable Development, 15(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2011.07.008
Dewi, P. K., & Triaryati, N. (2015). Pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi, suku bunga dan pajak terhadap investasi asing langsung [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universitas Udayana.
Gonovski, V. (2017). Risk Management in Project Managment–Basics. KNOWLEDGE-International Journal, 16(3), 995–1000.
Kanayo, O. (2013). The impact of human capital formation on economic growth in Nigeria. Journal of Economics, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/09765239.2013.11884972
Kryscynski, D., Coff, R., & Campbell, B. (2021). Charting a path between firm-specific incentives and human capital-based competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 42(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3226
Lin, J. Y. (2011). New structural economics: A framework for rethinking development. World Bank Research Observer, 26(2). https://doi.org/10.1093/wbro/lkr007
Massey, D. S. (2019). Economic development and international migration in comparative perspective. In Determinants of Emigration from Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.
Mölders, S. (2011). Determinanten ausländischer Direktinvestitionen: Fördern laxe Umweltstandards den Zufluss von Kapital?
Muda, I., Dharsuky, A., Sadalia, I., & Siregar, H. S. (2016). Impact of capital investments and cash dividend policy on Regional Development Bank (BPD) Pt. Bank Sumut to the district own source revenue and economic growth. International Journal of Applied Business and Economic Research, 14(11).
Nephew, R. (2017). The art of sanctions: A view from the field. Columbia University Press.
Pasban, M., & Nojedeh, S. H. (2016). A review of the role of human capital in the organization. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.09.032
Rudi, M. I., Rotinsulu, T. O., & Tenda, A. (2016). Pengaruh utang luar negeri dan penanaman modal asing terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia periode tahun 2009.3-2014.4. Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Efisiensi, 16(2).
Saragih, C. A. M., Haryadi, H., & Emilia, E. (2021). Pengaruh produk domestik bruto, suku bunga, dan inflasi terhadap foreign direct investment di Indonesia periode 2000-2017. Jurnal Ekonomi Aktual, 1(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.53867/jea.v1i1.4
Schwerhoff, G., & Sy, M. (2017). Financing renewable energy in Africa – Key challenge of the sustainable development goals. In Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (Vol. 75). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.004
Sijabat, R. (2022). The association of economic growth, foreign aid, foreign direct investment and gross capital formation in Indonesia: Evidence from the Toda–Yamamoto approach. Economies, 10(4), 93.
Sinaga, H. D. P., Pramugar, R. N., & Wirawan, A. (2020). Reconstruction of criminal provisions for non-tax state revenue: A case study in the mining sector in Indonesia. Ayer Journal, 27(3).
Srinivasu, B., Professor, A., & Srinivasa Rao, P. (2013). Infrastructure development and economic growth: Prospects and perspective. Journal of Business Management & Social Sciences Research, 2(1).
Tambunan, R. S., Yusuf, Y., & Mayes, A. (2015). Pengaruh kurs, inflasi, libor dan PDB terhadap foreign direct invesment (FDI) di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi, 23(1).
Todd, S., & Ancell, G. (2014). Transmission planning and unexpected events: An economic framework. 2014 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems, PMAPS 2014 - Conference Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1109/PMAPS.2014.6960578
Wang, Y., & Liu, S. (2016). Education, human capital and economic growth: Empirical research on 55 countries and regions (1960-2009). Theoretical Economics Letters, 06(02). https://doi.org/10.4236/tel.2016.62039
Wijoyo, H. (2021). A monograph analysis of the most influential factors to attract foreign direct investment. Insan Cendekia Mandiri.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Joshua Perkasa Naibaho, Magit Les Denny Tewu, Martua E. Tambunan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC-BY-SA). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.






